Txheej txheem cej luam: NoSQL database yog tus buzzword hauv lub lub kev lag luam software tam sim no. Plhuav kuj txais mus NoSQL database, tiam sis nws tseem tsis tau ib daim tuaj hloov rau cov tsoos database paub tswj lawv (RDBMS), uas stores cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov ntxhuav paub. Li ntawd, peb yuav piv no yog hais tias NoSQL yog muaj overcome tau qhov khoob ntawm nws yog tshuaj Hmoob RDBMS.
Nyob rau cov tshooj no, Kuv yuav tham txog qhov NoSQL database thiab nws cov sib nrauj ntau.
Taw qhia: NoSQL – txhais raws li covTsis tas SQL' yog ib tug database uas muab ib tug mechanism cia thiab retrieve tej ntaub ntawv yam uas txawv ntawm cov tsoos RDBMS, uas hnyav ncawv nyob ntawm tabular relations. Cov kev no heev tab tom ua txais rau cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no – based
- Tsim Simplicity/kev kawm -NoSQL hauv cov qauv ntaub ntawv yog tus yuam sij los yog ntaub ntawv ca. Vim nws yooj yim thiab ib qho yooj yim uas tswj tus qauv ntaub ntawv, Yog ceev tshaj nws cov txee qhov NoSQL. Yog li ntawv yog differentiator loj.
- Kab rov tav Scalability – NoSQL database implementations yuav tsum yooj yim scaled los yog cia li thiab thaum yuav tsum tau.
Thiaj li yog tus ob influencing feem ntau yam uas NoSQL databases 'Kev kawm ' thiab 'Scalability'. NoSQL database yog tsim los combat lub drawbacks ntawm tus qauv paub.
Ntau hom NoSQL database:
Muaj ntau ntau hom NoSQL databases muaj nyob hauv cov lag luam. Peb tau txais ib lub tswv yim zoo.
- Tus yuam sij database paired- Qhov no yog qhov nyuaj thiab siv ntau hom database NoSQL raws li. Nyob rau hauv pawg no, txhua yam nyob rau hauv cov database yog muab rau tus database ua ib attribute hu ua yuam sij nrog rau cov nqi. Li ntawd, nws tseem yeej ib tus yuam sij khub.
- Teeb khw muag khoom noj – Pawg NoSQL no yog siv los khaws cov ntaub ntawv hais txog network e.g. ntaub ntawv sib tham. E.g. Neo4J thiab HyperGraphDB thiab lwm yam.
- Daim ntawv Database – Qhov no yog ib daim ntawv ncua kev yuam nqi paired txhua qhov tseem ceeb nyob qhov twg nrog ib cov qauv ntaub ntawv txoj kab DB. No cov qauv ntaub ntawv no yog hu ua tsab ntawv. Cov ntaub ntawv yuav ntxiv muaj khub tseem ceeb nqi los yog ntaub ntawv nested txawm.
- Dav qhia kiag cia – Cov no yog optimized rau queries li cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv loj. Cov databases cia txhua cov ntaub ntawv no siv natwm. E.g. Cassandra, HBase.
Zoo ntawm NoSQL:
Raws li paub databases tsoos dua, Databases NoSQL los yog scalable ntau thiab ntau lub uas muaj kev kawm zoo. Databases paub hais tias yuav mus daws cov scenarios hauv qab no – competent
- Databases paub tsis ntau los lis cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tagnrho loj muab nws structured, semi structured los yog unstructured ntawv.
- Databases paub muaj tejyam agile puag ncig uas yog cov khiav raws li thiab yuav tsum tau raid iteration thiab nquag chaws publishing.
- Databases paub yog tsis tsim kom muaj kwv oriented programming nws yog ib qho yooj yim heev tshaj, saj zawg zog thiab yooj yim mus use.
- Yog koj xav khaws cov khoom hierarchical uas muaj peevxwm lus nug, ces RDBMS yuav tsis pom zoo muab. NoSQL xwb thiaj ua tau zoo.
- Rau ib lub txiag huab, Nws yog ib lub chaw kawm distributed, RDBMS no tsis haum.
Ces nyob rau saum toj no scenarios NoSQL yog cov tshuaj ua rau khoob xwb. Cov qauv ntaub ntawv NoSQL no npaum thiab muaj ib scalable architecture as compared to paub cov qauv uas kim thiab them raws li ib tug architecture monolithic.
NoSQL pub peb muaj dynamic schema rau lub database: Thaum paub database; peb yuav txhais tau rau schema thaum hauv paus tsw. Kev paub database yuav nyiam dab, cov lus qhia uas peb xav kom khaws e.g. Yog peb xav muab ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm cov ntaub ntawv xws li lub npe, koom, xov tooj, chaw nyob thiab lwm yam. Peb kuj yuav tsum paub txog seb yam ntaub ntawv thiab lawv raws li cov tau ua ntej. Kauj pib txoj kev sib tw hauv vib this kev agile li txhua zaus peb xav kom muaj cov tshiab feature, peb yuav tau hloov tus schema uas tej zaum yuav ua cov ntaub ntawv tsis ruaj tsis khov. E.g. Yog hais tias peb coj los ntxiv rau tus pojniam thiab cov me nyuam kom paub meej txog txhua tus neeg ua num nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov hu, peb yuav xav tau ntxiv txhua ob peb ntxiv thiab ces ib migration yuav tsum muab mus rau cov qub ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov lus tshiab. Hauv no teeb meem, Yog hais tias tus database loj loj, peb yuav xav tau ib tug tseem ceeb npaum li cas lub sij hawm los mus cov database uas tej zaum yuav tau ua tus loj hauv lub sij hawm. Yog tias peb xav tau nyob rau tej yam kev hloov heev, ces nws yuav tau problematic heev uas tswj cov downtimes.
NoSQL raws li databases yuav tsim thiab tsim mus daws cov hom zauv. Nyob rau hauv NoSQL databases, peb yuav ntxig tej ntaub ntawv uas tsis muaj ib tug schema tos hais tseg uas yuav ua rau peb lub neej yooj yim thaum hloov teg database. Yog li, nws yuav pab rau txoj kev loj hlob sai heev thiab kuj cov cai xws li yog ib yooj yim hauv no mus kom ze.
Li ntawd nyob rau hauv NoSQL, qhov kom zoo dua 'Dynamic Schema' muab peb ntau yooj rau tswj hloov zov Web site daim ntaub ntawv.
Sharding Mechanism: Vim yog lawv txoj kev structuring, databases paub yuav scale mas i.e. Yog hais tias peb yuav tsum scale database rau ib daim ntawv thov; peb yuav tsum host ib tug tib neeg rau zaub mov muaj tag nrho database loaded rau. Qhov no yog kom muaj ntaub ntawv txaus. Yog kauj kuj kim thiab tau txoj kev tsis ua hauj lwm yuav tsum muaj. Tuaj hauv no bottleneck nws yuav tsum tau mus teev horizontally es mas. Sharding mechanism pub peb muaj lub database hla rau ntau yam neeg rau zaub mov rau zaus uas yog ua los ntawm SQL nyob databases. Qhov no yog accomplished nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kua tes hauj lwm cheeb tsam lossis SANs. Vim lub databases tsis txhob muab cov no feature nws yuav lub luag hauj lwm ntawm tus tsim tawm rau deploy paub ntau databases nyob rau lub txawv. Txhua ib cov ntaub ntawv yog muab rau txhua zaus database. Tus tsim tawm yuav tsum muaj tus tshiab chaws yuav faib ntaub ntawv, queries thiab collate txog cov ntsiab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau txhua zaus database. Ntxiv rau qhov no, cai yuav tsum tau tsim tswj tau qhov kev pab failures. Qhov no yuav ua tau los ntawm kev ua joins tau zoo nyob rau lub txawv databases. Kauj yog hu ua cov ntaub ntawv rebalancing thiab replication. Ntxiv rau qhov no ntau yam kev pab ntawm tus database paub ib yam li lub sam xeeb txog qhov transactional yog nyom thaum employing ntxaug sharding.
Rau lwm cov tes, NoSQL databases feem txhawb sharding tsis siv neeg. I.e. cov databases muaj peev xwm kis tau cov ntaub ntawv nyob muaj ntau zaus database yeej. No mechanism tsis tau daim ntawv thov yuav tsum paub hais tias ntawm cov neeg rau zaub mov muaj pes tsawg leeg pas. Cov ntaub ntawv thiab lus nug load yog txiav balanced nyob servers, thiab thaum ib tug neeg rau zaub mov poob qis, nws hloov tam sim ntawd yuav ua tau rau tsis muaj cuam tshuam kev thauj hauv daim ntawv thov.
Nrog huab xam nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, peb yeej kauj ho nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev yooj yim. Huab chaw li Amazon Web kev pab los sis AWS muaj peev xwm muab tau zoo unlimited xav tau thiab kuj yuav siv sij hawm xyuas tag nrho cov ceeb database koom haum saib xyuas kev pab raws qib. Tam sim no tus developers lawm yuav tsum tau kom lawv muaj kev nyuab thiab kim platform txhawb lawv daim ntaub ntawv, thiab ua li no yog xav mloog zoo rau sau ntaub ntawv cov cai uas yuav tsum tau ntau paub muab cov complexity ntawm lub lag luam. Kauj no kuj zoo nqe.
Cov ntaub ntawv Replication: Cov NoSQL siv feem ntau databases txhawb cov ntaub ntawv tsis zoo no feem replication. Li no peb yuav muaj mob loj nyob rau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab kuj rov qab los tiv thaiv kev phem thiab tsis tas yuav cais uas tswj cov kev pab raws qib kev siv ntawm cov.
Siv lub tswv yim NoSQL database:
Feem ntau cov koom haum uas muaj ib teg database NoSQL uas pab kom lawv muaj kev to taub qhov software thiab lub tshuab vim nws yuav nyuaj heev rau cov tshuaj DBAs los zom cov kev ntawm NoSQL mus sib pib. Feem ntau ntawm cov NoSQL databases yuav qhib tau qhov twg los, li no uas cov developers download tau lub software thiab pib txoj kev loj hlob POC tsis yeej xeebtxob txog tus tso txoj kev sib tw. Vim tus kab no txoj kev loj hlob mus luv luv thiab ceev developers yuav coj qhov kom zoo dua rau innovate thiab tshawb tau qhov chaw tshiab uas tej zaum yuav ua tau zoo.
Txoj kev:
Peb muaj sab laj txog qhov NoSQL database thiab nws cov sib nrauj ntau. Tam sim no, Nws yog tseeb tias NoSQL no tsis yog ib daim tuaj hloov rau cov tshuaj RDBMS. Tiam sis nws muaj ntau txheej neeg siv uas yuav tsis haum rau cov RDBMS. NoSQL databases yog tujtaws evolving thiab nws yuav tuaj nrog nta dua tshiab near lawm yav tom ntej. Los xaus kev sab laj, wb sib saib ceev cov lus hauv qab no txhob.
- NoSQL es rau 'Tsis tsuas SQL'.
- Databases NoSQL nyob nrog tus mob databases nyob hauv txoj kev storing thiab retrieving cov ntaub ntawv raws.
- NoSQL raws li databases yuav sai npaum li cas as compared to lawv paub counterpart.
- Muaj ntau hom kev NoSQL databases-
- Tseem ceeb nqi Paired
- Muab teeb
