NoSQL database yuav ua ntau pawg xws li tus yuam sij database, daim ntawv database, los yog teeb database. NoSQL database yog ib tug neeg sab nraud qeb uas nyob rau khoob ntawm RDBMS tsoos. tsis tas li ntawd, NoSQL database qhov yog ib kev tshwj database txhawb txoj kev lag luam yuav pab. Peb cia saib npaum li cas cov NoSQL database yuav sau qhov khoob ntawm nws yog tshuaj Hmoob RDBMS.
Hnub no txoj kev siv (web saibxyuas raws li cov kev siv internet) yog demanding heev. Ces tus databases tsis tsuas tuaj tau yooj ywm tsuag txhawb ntau yam ntaub ntawv tawm tswv yim, tiam sis lawv kuj tuaj tswj kev kawm huab thiab scaling. Ces tus enterprise architects yog ntsuam hauv daim ntaub ntawv kom zoo thiab suggesting cov databases kom tsim nyog.
Nws tseem yuav tau muab sau tias NoSQL databases yog tsis ib daim tuaj hloov rau nws yog tshuaj Hmoob databases. Yog li qhov xav kom zoo (RDBMS los yog NoSQL) yog lig based rau qhov xwm ntawm tus neeg mob siv. Qee lub sij hawm, RDBMS yog tsim nyog ntau dua NoSQL. Li ntawd, yog NoSQL xaiv rau ib rooj plaub no tsis siv ces nws yuav muaj ib qho teeb meem rau qhov ntawv nws tus kheej. Peb tau saib ib nta cov yees siv nyob rau hauv cov seem tom ntej no. Nws yuav ncaws peb to taub txog qhov khoob sij uas yuav lawm ua tus sau NoSQL DB.
Siv cov kev nkag siab ntawm RDBMS thiab NoSQL: Cov tsoos database tswj lub yuav tau lees tias kev kawm zoo uas muaj ib lub ntim muas ib ob txhiab. Tiam sis nws muaj kev siv internet tshiab hnub nyoog nyiam 'kev dag tias', 'ntawm lub sij hawm uas yuav tsom', 'lub sij hawm ntawm advertising' thiab 'tej neeg uas ua ntawv hauv Internet ua si' thiab lwm yam. yuav tsheej lab muas ib ob. Yog li cov OLTP (tham hauv Internet ua) daim ntaub ntawv yuav nyuaj rau koj tswj tus uas paub nws yog tshuaj Hmoob databases. Txawm hais tias, cov neeg muag khoom RDBMS no kuj muab ntau txoj mus overcome cov teeb meem, tiam sis tus kis tshua tseem nyob li no.
Tsoos database paub tswj lub yog ib txwm tsim raws qauv ACID. Cov kua QAUB zog (atomicity, li qub tas li, ntseeg thiab xauv) xyuas kom cov ntseeg nyob muaj cost, Nws yog ib tus tub ntxhais ntawm tej database paub tswj lawv. Nrog RDBMS, SQL yog lub tsib-facto txheem kom paub tab cov ntaub ntawv ua zoo ib yam li cov lus nug, cov ntaub ntawv txhais, cov ntaub ntawv manipulation thiab lwm yam.
Rau lwm cov tes, NoSQL database tswj lub nruab siv tawm tswv yim sib txawv los khaws cov ntaub ntawv. Tus nyiam tuaj tawm tswv yim muaj teeb cia, muab daim ntawv thiab muab tus yawm sij. Tus yuam sij tom khw yog cov hom ntawv nyuaj thiab nyob nrog siv. NoSQL databases tawm feem ntau ntawm cov tawv xyuas siv RDBMS architecture after cov ntaub ntawv cia yooj, scalability, thiab lwm yam kev kawm.
Qhov twg tus RDBMS no tsis haum? Teb cov khoob?
Muaj ntau ntau kev siv tshuaj ACID uas tau paub tus qauv tsav nyob qhovtwg tsis nyuaj los yog zoo tshaj qhov. Peb muaj ib tug zoo saib cov khoob twg tus NoSQL yog tus zoo haum.
- Yog cov yuav tsum tau koj daim ntawv thov kom muab qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas pheej thiab zoo ib yam xwb, ces RDBMS yuav muaj nyiaj siv ua haujlwm. Khw tus yuam sij yooj yooj yim yog txaus raws li qhov yuav tsum tau koj daim ntawv thov tus ntau tshaj. Cov nqi no yuav ua tau txhua qhov chaw txoj as per koj yuav tsum tau.
- Yog hais tias cov ntawv muaj ib tug yuav tsum tau khaws cov khoom hierarchical uas muaj peevxwm lus nug, ces RDBMS tsi muaj qhov option tsis tsim. Txawm hais tias, RDBMS muaj peev xwm ua nrog kev pab los ntawm lwm yam cuab yeej ORM, tiam sis qhov dua lub nyuab. Li ntawd, ntawm no tej NoSQL dlaws mas txhaj.
- Nyob rau hauv ib scenario, qhov twg peb yuav tau khaws tes hauj lwm lossis cov ntoo loj, RDBMS tsis yog yuav muab. Tej NoSQL database database teeb zoo ib yam li yuav ua tau tus zoo haum seb koj yuav tsum.
- Yog hais tias koj daim ntawv thov no deployed hauv ib cheeb tsam huab nrog ib distributed database, ces RDBMS tov yog tsis dua. Ntawm no tus kis tau tsuas lawm ua tus sau tov NoSQL.
Influencing loj tshaj, scaling thiab kev kawm ntawv: RDBMS muaj ib built nyob rau scaling kab rov tav. Ces tus cag teeb meem ntawm RDBMS yog cov kab rov tav scaling thaum lub load thiab cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsub kom. RDBMS kuj tsis txhawb cov ntaub ntawv tsis zoo no feem sharding. Tsis siv neeg tej ntaub ntawv sharding xwb tau thaum cov ntaub ntawv cov chaw uas faib thiab puab le ntawm nws tus kheej. Ib ACID raws qauv paub tsis tau tias vim nws cov lus raws li cov qauv. Ntawm no hais haum NoSQL muaj ib qho txawv loj. NoSQL databases tsis faib zajlus kom cov chaw rau cov ntxhuav ntau; Nws yog ib txwm muab nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw xwb. Yog tsis ntseeg siab referential tswj tseg los ntawm cov zajlus kom chaw, vim li ntawd yog mus muab cov ntaub ntawv tsis zoo no feem sharding NoSQL. Txawm hais tias NoSQL dlaws tau txwv nta kom paub qauv piv, tab sis, tus tsim txim siab txhob txwm muab siab scalability. NoSQL yuav muab tau scale horizontally rau ib distributed ib puag ncig thiab kev them nyiaj yug nyob rau.
Kev ua tau zoo mas nyob li xaiv txoj kev siv tshuab (NoSQL los yog RDBMS) muaj txoj cai siv ntaub ntawv. Li ntawd, Yog hais tias peb xaiv NoSQL rau ib rooj plaub no tsis siv ces nws kuj tua hauv daim ntawv thov ntawv. Apart from cov xwm txheej zoo li network, caching, disk I/O thiab lwm yam., tus me nyuam qhov kev hnyav ncawv nyob nws tis cov ntaub ntawv thiab muaj nyob rau lub cia distributed. Li ntawd, tus NoSQL yog cov tshuaj xwb muaj peev ntawm tuav loj ntim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub cheeb tsam clustered thiab boost qhov kev ua tau zoo li no.
Vim li ntawd peb yuav xaus tias tus NoSQL no tsis yog ib daim tuaj hloov rau cov tshuaj RDBMS tab sis nws yog tus tov nyob tau ntau txheej neeg siv ua lwm.
