Cur síos
Roimh shainmhíniú Ailtireacht Tagartha, tá sé níos fearr go bhfuil roinnt smaoineamh faoi ailtireacht bogearraí. Tá ailtireacht bogearraí sainmhínithe éagsúla atá díorthaithe ó fhoinsí éagsúla. Raonta sé ó dhearadh, léir ar an gcód córais ríomhaire mór a chruthú agus a chothabháil a ionchorprú go léir ar fheidhmiú na comhpháirteanna fisiciúil agus loighciúil na gcóras fiontair chomh maith le. Is meascán agus idirghníomhú na gcomhpháirteanna uile (bogearraí agus crua-earraí) a dhéanamh córas iomlán sonrach do riachtanais ghnó éagsúla.
Is é an Ailtireacht Tagartha agus Fit anailís / Bearna a ghearr an doiciméid luafar an Ailtireacht Tagartha a bheidh le húsáid mar bhonn don ailtireacht an tionscadal reatha agus áirítear an réasúnaíocht don chinneadh. Tá sé chomh maith le próiseas anailíse chun tuiscint a fháil ar an ailtireacht tagartha agus a chur i bhfeidhm.
Is Ailtireacht Tagartha patrún ailtireachta réamhshainithe atá deartha lena n-úsáid i ngnó ar leith agus i gcomhthéacsanna teicniúla.
Is féidir le Foinse na Architectures Tagartha laistigh d'eagraíocht a bheith ar aon chreat cruthaithe agus sócmhainní a úsáidtear i dtionscadail níos luaithe. Is é an táirge obair cineálach agus feidhm cothrom le roghnú Architectures Tagartha ó fhoinsí eile.
Is é an chuid is tábhachtaí de Ailtireacht Tagartha chun tuiscint a fháil ar an folláine agus bearnaí a fuarthas le linn anailís.
A Fit / Gap Ailtireacht Tagartha Anailís tabulates na fachtóirí tábhachtacha i gceist i roghnú Ailtireacht Tagartha:
- Cásanna Gnó
- Tiománaithe Gnó
- Saintréithe Ailtireacht
Asset selection involves tradeoffs. Reference Architecture Fit/Gap Analysis documents the differences between the desired project architecture and the reference architecture in a statement-of-fit and identifies modifications required for the project.
Purpose
Now let us check the purposes Fit/Gap analysis in Reference Architecture model. The Reference Architecture Fit/Gap Analysis are used for the following
- To assist in determining the scope of a proposed solution development project
- As an input to other architecture work products. Depending on the size of the gaps, the chosen Reference Architecture and associated fit/gap analysis may form the basis for the whole architecture.
- To highlight any gaps where the Reference Architecture does not fit project requirements. These indicate areas of risk or substantial architectural work required in the project. It also helps to select the reference architecture for the proposed project.
Impact of Not Having Reference Architecture
Selecting a Reference Architecture reduces the risk by reusing proven, best-practice solutions. Not applying a standard Reference Architecture increases project effort and cost, and increases the risk of project failure.
The best way to use architectural assets is to start by selecting a Reference Architecture. This will form the context for a more detailed selection of assets and guidance.
Reasons for Not Using Reference Architecture
On asset-based projects, this product should always be produced.
Mura bhfuil Architectures Tagartha cuí ar fáil don tionscadal nó má chinneann tionscadal gan úsáid a bhaint Ailtireacht Tagartha, ansin ag an chuid is mó ar an Achoimre Feidhmiúcháin, lena n-áirítear cúiseanna cén fáth nach raibh Ailtireacht Tagartha roghnaithe, should be completed. Often even this is unnecessary. A note can be added to the documentation of the choice of work products.
Conas Fit anailís / Bearna atá doiciméadaithe
Tá A Fit / Gap Ailtireacht Tagartha Anailís doiciméad bunúsach théacsúil, with tables assessing the requirements characteristic profile and subject area coverage. The tabular form describes all the required points to get a clear picture of the referred architecture and its fitness in the proposed project.
Executive Summary: Brief statement of selected Reference Architecture and any major issues/risks.
Réamhrá: Introductory comments about the reference architecture.
Key Drivers: A brief statement of the business objectives or constraints.
Architecture Requirements Checklist: The document consists of a standard set of questions and potential answers regarding architectural requirements, which allows a systematic collection of the architectural requirements for the project. This set is used as a checklist to prompt for customer architectural requirements and associated issues, which are documented in a table, as below. This is a sample table and it can be of a different format according to the standard of the organization.
| Requirement | Reference Architecture Characteristic | Required Value for Project | Risks/Issues/Comments Points to Investigate |
| Requirement name | Relevant range of values for this architecture | Range applicable to the customer | Any gaps, risks, likely future issues, topics for subsequent analysis |
Subject Area Checklist:Each Reference Architecture encompasses several subject areas (sometimes referred to as “domains”). Subject areas are specific areas of concern, for example, the web based delivery channel is a subject area consisting of Web browsers, domain name servers, etc. A simple and clear way of examining the “fit” of a Reference Architecture to customer requirements is to compare it to the subject area coverage. Following is a table for capturing the details.
Subject Area |
Present in Architecture? | Required by Customer? | Issues/Risks/Notes |
| Name of subject area | Yes/No | Yes/No |
Statement of Fit:A summary of the extent of “fit” between the Reference Architecture and customer requirements. Each Reference Architecture is described at several levels of abstraction, and guidance is provided at each level on the characteristics supported. For each area where the Reference Architecture does not meet requirements, describe briefly:
- The unmet requirement. This is very important for selecting the reference architecture.
- The type and extent of delta that would be requisite for the Reference Architecture to meet the requirement. Also mention if it needs to be extended, modified, or receive a new subject area?
- An estimate of the cost and risk of the delta
Development Approach
The following steps should be taken in generating this work product:
- Identify the most likely Reference Architecture candidate. As there are a small number of Reference Architectures, each with a well-defined focus, it should be simple to identify one or two as relevant to the customer’s project goals and future business model.
- Review the description of the asset context, which is provided in both textual and illustration form, with the customer to assess fit. The illustrations, in particular, are a powerful way of checking customer understanding of the proposed approach. During this process, the customer may decide to modify his previously stated requirements, for example, through recognition that the architectural pattern provided by the Reference Architecture is superior to the one he had previously envisaged.
- Use Business Drivers, Prionsabail agus Riachtanais liostaí chun na hairíonna de riachtanais an chustaiméara TF Seiceáil leis an gcustaiméir ar cé acu an bhfuil aon riachtanais tábhachtacha eile nach bhfuil clúdaithe ag na saintréithe caighdeánach.
- Scrúdú a dhéanamh ar na oiriúnach ar na riachtanais leis an saintréithe arna sholáthar ag an Ailtireacht Tagartha ag leibhéil éagsúla d'astarraingt.
- Ón an bonn sócmhainne, identify the subject areas covered by the Reference Architecture. Compare these with the subject areas required by the customer.
- Analyze the fit between the Reference Architecture and the customer requirements. Document all gaps, and make initial assessments with the customer on how these shortcomings will be resolved. This may involve:
- Extending the architecture (e.g., linking to an additional subject area)
- Modifying the Reference Architecture (i.e., changing its internal structure or behavior)
- Document the rationale for each of these decisions in terms of assumptions, business justification, risks, etc.
- Déan measúnú foriomlán ar inmharthanacht agus riosca bunaithe ar an bhfaisnéis atá ar fáil ag an bpointe seo.
Bailíochtú agus Fíorú
Na seiceálacha seo a leanas:
- Fíoraigh go bhfuil an custaiméir na critéir a úsáidtear chun comparáid a dhéanamh agus a roghnú na Architectures Tagartha atá faofa.
- Fíoraigh go bhfuil breithniú gach réimse mór-riachtanas an chustaiméara.
- Fíoraigh gur féidir spleáchais ríthábhachtacha den ailtireacht sa timpeallacht sprioc a bhaint amach.
- Bailíochtaigh aon tradeoffs á dhéanamh leis an gcustaiméir agus Sócmhainní Soláthraithe leis na critéir seo a leanas.
- Fíoraigh go bhfuil an ailtireacht teacht aniar chun athruithe réamh-mheasta.
