Automatizēt veidot ar Ant
Pārskats:
Šajā dokumentā mēs diskutēt par to būvēt rīku skudru un izmantojot šo kā mēs varam automatizēt veidot mehānismu Java programmas. Mūsdienu laikmetā skudru ir kļuvusi par neatņemamu java attīstības. Lielākā daļa klientu, piemēram, ir automatizēta būvēt skriptu kā daļu no piegādāto pirmkodu. Iemesls tam ir vienkāršība ar skudru ar nosacījumu, lai ikviens ar nelielu skriptu zināšanas var radīt izvietojamus bināro nezinot pieteikumu detalizēti.
Ievads:
Apache ant is a generic build tool. Nosaukumu ANT stendi saīsināti par "Vēl viens veikls rīks". Šis rīks ir līdzīgs "Make" lietderību UNIX, bet tiek īstenota, izmantojot Java. To galvenokārt izmanto celtniecības binaries kādas Java pirmkodu un izvēršot radīto bināro uz pieteikumu serverī, kas ir iepriekš noteikts. It can also be used to generate javadocs for a code base and to execute the unit test suite for the whole codebase. Ant in collaboration with JUNIT helps developer to follow the test driven development approach.
Ant requires Java compiler to be installed having the environment variable JAVA_HOME set with its adequate value. Ant uses an XML file to define the build procedure. Noklusējuma nosaukums šo failu ir build.xml. Daži izstrādātāji arī izmantot rekvizītus failā proti build.properties definēt dažas īpašības piem. the build version number and other environmental parameters which are required to change from time to time based on the need.
Installation:
FEDORA: On RHEL, ANT can be installed using the command – yum install ant or it can be installed using the rpm – i command. In this case you should download the ant package first.
Debian: On Ubuntu, ANT can be installed using the command – apt-get install ant.
Windows: On windows environment we need to download the ant_<VERSION_NO>.zip file. This zip bundle should be extracted in a folder. This folder should be defined as an environment variable ANT_HOME.
A sample build.xml file is shown as under:
LISTING 1: Sample build.xml file
[Code]
<?xml version=”1.0″?>
<project name=”Ant-Test” default=”galvenais” basedir=”.”>
<!– Sets variables which can later be used. –>
<!– The value of a property is accessed via ${} –>
<property name=”src.dir” location=”src” />
<property name=”build.dir” location=”bin” />
<property name=”dist.dir” location=”dist” />
<property name=”docs.dir” location=”docs” />
<!– Deletes the existing build, docs and dist directory–>
<target name=”clean”>
<delete dir=”${build.dir}” />
<delete dir=”${docs.dir}” />
<delete dir=”${dist.dir}” />
</target>
<!– Creates the build, docs and dist directory–>
<target name=”makedir”>
<mkdir dir=”${build.dir}” />
<mkdir dir=”${docs.dir}” />
<mkdir dir=”${dist.dir}” />
</target>
<!– Compiles the java code (including the usage of library for JUnit –>
<target name=”compile” depends=”clean, makedir”>
<javac srcdir=”${src.dir}” destdir=”${build.dir}”>
</javac>
</target>
<!– Creates Javadoc –>
<target name=”docs” depends=”compile”>
<javadoc packagenames=”src” sourcepath=”${src.dir}” destdir=”${docs.dir}”>
<!– Define which files / directory should get included, we include all –>
<fileset dir=”${src.dir}”>
<include name=”**” />
</fileset>
</javadoc>
</target>
<!–Creates the deployable jar file –>
<target name=”jar” depends=”compile”>
<jar destfile=”${dist.dir}\in.kolkalta.build.test.ant.jar” basedir=”${build.dir}”>
<manifest>
<attribute name=”Main-Class” value=”test.Main” />
</manifest>
</jar>
</target>
<target name=”galvenais” depends=”compile, jar, docs”>
<description>Main target</description>
</target>
</project>
[/Code]
Automatizācija izmantojot ANT:
Ant sniedz lielu palīdzību Java izstrādātājiem. Gandrīz katrs java izstrādātājs gribētu ir skripts, kas var rūpēties par darbojas vienības testu un radot bināro izplatīšanas failu, kas var tikt izvietoti uz pieteikumu serverī. Ant sniedz arī veidus, kā palaistu automatizētas skriptus, kas tiek izmantoti, lai veiktu vienības testu uz koda bāzes. Thus, tas sniedz palīdzību, lai izstrādātājiem, kuri izmanto testa virza attīstības pieeja. As we know in test driven development methodology JUNIT is a compulsion, tas vienmēr ir papildu priekšrocību, ja mums ir automatizēta skriptu, kas darbojas uz visām JUnit testēšanas vienā piegājienā. Ne tikai to, ka šis skripts var izmantot arī tad, ja mums ir ir nepārtraukta integrācija izveidotie piem. Hudson. Our following sample code illustrates how to use ANT with JUNIT.
LISTING 2: A Sample java file
[Code]
package com.home.junit;
valsts klase SampleAdd {
valsts int pievienot(int x, int y) {
return x + y;
}
}
[/Code]
LISTING 3: The corresponding JUNIT file
[Code]
package com.home.junit;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
public class SampleAddTest {
private SampleAdd sampleClass;
@Before
public void setUp() {
sampleClass = new SampleAdd();
}
@Test
public void testAdd() {
Assert.assertEquals(5, sampleClass.add(3, 2));
}
@After
public void settleDown() {
sampleClass = null;
}
}
[/Code]
LISTING 4: The ANT script to compile and run the JUNIT test
[Code]
<?xml version=”1.0″?>
<project name=”JUNIT” default=”galvenais” basedir=”..”>
<!– Sets variables which can later be used. –>
<!– The value of a property is accessed via ${} –>
<property name=”src.dir” location=”src” />
<property name=”test.dir” location=”tests” />
<property name=”build.dir” location=”bin” />
<property name=”build.test.dir” location=”bin/tests” />
<!– Variables used for JUnit testin –>
<property name=”test.report.dir” location=”testreport” />
<!– Define the classpath which includes the junit.jar and the classes after compiling–>
<path id=”junit.class.path”>
<pathelement location=”lib/junit-4.11.jar” />
<pathelement location=”lib/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar” />
<pathelement location=”${build.dir}” />
</path>
<!– Deletes the existing build, docs and dist directory–>
<target name=”clean”>
<delete dir=”${build.dir}” />
<delete dir=”${test.report.dir}” />
</target>
<!– Creates the build, docs and dist directory–>
<target name=”makedir”>
<mkdir dir=”${build.dir}” />
<mkdir dir=”${build.test.dir}” />
<mkdir dir=”${test.report.dir}” />
</target>
<!– Compiles the java code (including the usage of library for JUnit –>
<target name=”compile” depends=”clean, makedir”>
<javac srcdir=”${src.dir}” destdir=”${build.dir}”>
<classpath refid=”junit.class.path” />
</javac>
<javac srcdir=”${test.dir}” destdir=”${build.test.dir}”>
<classpath refid=”junit.class.path” />
</javac>
</target>
<!– Run the JUnit Tests –>
<!– Output is XML, could also be plain–>
<target name=”junit” depends=”compile”>
<junit printsummary=”uz” fork=”patiess” haltonfailure=”yes”>
<classpath refid=”junit.class.path” />
<classpath>
<pathelement location=”${build.test.dir}”/>
</classpath>
<formatter type=”xml” />
<batchtest todir=”${test.report.dir}”>
<fileset dir=”${test.dir}”>
<include name=”**/*Test*.java” />
</fileset>
</batchtest>
</junit>
</target>
<target name=”galvenais” depends=”compile, junit”>
<description>Main target</description>
</target>
</project>
[/Code]
When we run this script, tas vispirms sastādīt kodu bāzi un tad iet JUnit testus apkopoto kodu un beidzot ģenerē testēšanas pārskatu. The test report can be generated in any format. For convenience we have generated this in XML format.
LISTING 5: The Generated test report in XML format
[Code]
<?xml version=”1.0″ encoding=”UTF-8″?>
-<testsuite timestamp=”2013-10-26T18:52:45″ time=”0.077″ tests=”1″ name=”com.home.junit.SampleAddTest” hostname=”INDTAPPL132-001″ failures=”0″ errors=”0″>-<properties><property name=”java.vendor” value=”Oracle Corporation”/><property name=”sun.java.launcher” value=”SUN_STANDARD”/><property name=”eclipse.pdebuild.templates” value=”/F:/Utpal/Softs/Softs/eclipse-java-indigo-win32/eclipse/plugins/org.eclipse.pde.build_3.7.0.v20110512-1320/templates/”/><property name=”sun.management.compiler” value=”HotSpot Client Compiler”/><property name=”os.name” value=”Windows 7″/><property name=”sun.boot.class.path” value=”C:\Program FilesJavajre7libresources.jar;C:\Program FilesJavajre7librt.jar;C:\Program FilesJavajre7libsunrsasign.jar;C:\Program FilesJavajre7libjsse.jar;C:\Program FilesJavajre7libjce.jar;C:\Program FilesJavajre7libcharsets.jar;C:\Program FilesJavajre7libjfr.jar;C:\Program FilesJavajre7classes”/><property name=”sun.desktop” value=”windows”/><property name=”java.vm.specification.vendor” value=”Oracle Corporation”/><property name=”ant.home” value=”F:\UtpalSoftsSoftseclipse-java-indigo-win32eclipsepluginsorg.apache.ant_1.8.2.v20110505-1300″/><property name=”java.runtime.version” value=”1.7.0_45-b18″/><property name=”user.name” value=”utpalb”/><property name=”build.dir” value=”F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunitbin”/><property name=”user.language” value=”en”/><property name=”test.report.dir” value=”F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunittestreport”/><property name=”sun.boot.library.path” value=”C:\Program FilesJavajre7bin”/><property name=”ant.project.default-target” value=”galvenais”/><property name=”ant.project.name” value=”JUNIT”/><property name=”java.version” value=”1.7.0_45″/><property name=”user.timezone” value=””/><property name=”sun.arch.data.model” value=”32″/><property name=”java.endorsed.dirs” value=”C:\Program FilesJavajre7libendorsed”/><property name=”sun.cpu.isalist” value=”pentium_pro mmx pentium_pro pentium mmx pentium i486 i386 i86″/><property name=”sun.jnu.encoding” value=”Cp1252″/><property name=”file.encoding.pkg” value=”sun.io”/><property name=”file.separator” value=”\”/><property name=”java.specification.name” value=”Java Platform API Specification”/><property name=”java.class.version” value=”51.0″/><property name=”user.country” value=”US”/><property name=”java.home” value=”C:\Program FilesJavajre7″/><property name=”java.vm.info” value=”mixed mode, sharing”/><property name=”ant.file” value=”F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunitbuildbuild.xml”/><property name=”os.version” value=”6.1″/><property name=”path.separator” value=”;”/><property name=”java.vm.version” value=”24.45-b08″/><property name=”user.variant” value=””/><property name=”ant.library.dir” value=”F:\UtpalSoftsSoftseclipse-java-indigo-win32eclipsepluginsorg.apache.ant_1.8.2.v20110505-1300lib”/><property name=”java.awt.printerjob” value=”sun.awt.windows.WPrinterJob”/><property name=”sun.io.unicode.encoding” value=”UnicodeLittle”/><property name=”ant.file.type.JUNIT” value=”fails”/><property name=”awt.toolkit” value=”sun.awt.windows.WToolkit”/><property name=”user.script” value=””/><property name=”ant.file.JUNIT” value=”F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunitbuildbuild.xml”/><property name=”eclipse.pdebuild.scripts” value=”/F:/Utpal/Softs/Softs/eclipse-java-indigo-win32/eclipse/plugins/org.eclipse.pde.build_3.7.0.v20110512-1320/scripts/”/><property name=”user.home” value=”C:\Usersutpalb”/><property name=”java.specification.vendor” value=”Oracle Corporation”/><property name=”test.dir” value=”F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunittests”/><property name=”java.library.path” value=”C:\Program FilesJavajre7bin;C:\WindowsSunJavabin;C:\Windowssystem32;C:\Windows;C:/Program Files/Java/jre7/bin/client;C:/Program Files/Java/jre7/bin;C:/Program Files/Java/jre7/lib/i386;C:\Windowssystem32;C:\Windows;C:\WindowsSystem32Wbem;C:\WindowsSystem32WindowsPowerShellv1.0;C:\Program FilesJavajdk1.6.0_10bin;Tā:\apache-ant-1.8.2-binapache-ant-1.8.2bin;C:\Program FilesLiquid TechnologiesLiquid XML Studio 2011XmlDataBinder9Redist9cppwin32bin;C:\Program FilesTortoiseSVNbin;Tā:\Program FilesAndroidandroid-sdkplatform-tools;Tā:\Program FilesAndroidandroid-sdktools;C:\Program FilesQuickTimeQTSystem;D:\SunAppServerbin;9;F:\UtpalSoftsSoftseclipse-java-indigo-win32eclipse;;.”/><property name=”java.vendor.url” value=”http://java.oracle.com/”/><property name=”java.vm.vendor” value=”Oracle Corporation”/><property name=”java.runtime.name” value=”Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment”/><property name=”sun.java.command” value=”org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.optional.junit.JUnitTestRunner com.home.junit.SampleAddTest filtertrace=true haltOnError=false haltOnFailure=true formatter=org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.optional.junit.SummaryJUnitResultFormatter showoutput=false outputtoformatters=true logfailedtests=true logtestlistenerevents=false formatter=org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.optional.junit.XMLJUnitResultFormatter,F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunittestreportTEST-com.home.junit.SampleAddTest.xml crashfile=F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunitjunitvmwatcher6288340937110531134.properties propsfile=F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunitjunit7583515827572177542.properties”/><property name=”java.class.path” value=”F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunitlibjunit-4.11.jar;F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunitlibhamcrest-core-1.3.jar;F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunitbin;F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunitbintests;F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunit;C:\Program FilesJavajdk1.6.0_10jrelibrt.jar;F:\UtpalSoftsSoftseclipse-java-indigo-win32eclipsepluginsorg.apache.ant_1.8.2.v20110505-1300libant-launcher.jar;F:\UtpalSoftsSoftseclipse-java-indigo-win32eclipsepluginsorg.apache.ant_1.8.2.v20110505-1300libant.jar;F:\UtpalSoftsSoftseclipse-java-indigo-win32eclipsepluginsorg.apache.ant_1.8.2.v20110505-1300libant-junit.jar;F:\UtpalSoftsSoftseclipse-java-indigo-win32eclipsepluginsorg.apache.ant_1.8.2.v20110505-1300libant-junit4.jar”/><property name=”ant.version” value=”Apache Ant(TM) version 1.8.2 compiled on December 20 2010″/><property name=”java.vm.specification.name” value=”Java Virtual Machine Specification”/><property name=”java.vm.specification.version” value=”1.7″/><property name=”sun.cpu.endian” value=”little”/><property name=”sun.os.patch.level” value=”Service Pack 1″/><property name=”eclipse.pdebuild.home” value=”/F:/Utpal/Softs/Softs/eclipse-java-indigo-win32/eclipse/plugins/org.eclipse.pde.build_3.7.0.v20110512-1320/./”/><property name=”java.io.tmpdir” value=”C:\UsersutpalbAppDataLocalTemp”/><property name=”java.vendor.url.bug” value=”http://bugreport.sun.com/bugreport/”/><property name=”os.arch” value=”x86″/><property name=”java.awt.graphicsenv” value=”sun.awt.Win32GraphicsEnvironment”/><property name=”java.ext.dirs” value=”C:\Program FilesJavajre7libext;C:\WindowsSunJavalibext”/><property name=”user.dir” value=”F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunitbuild”/><property name=”build.test.dir” value=”F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunitbintests”/><property name=”line.separator” value=” “/><property name=”java.vm.name” value=”Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM”/><property name=”basedir” value=”F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunit”/><property name=”ant.java.version” value=”1.7″/><property name=”ant.core.lib” value=”F:\UtpalSoftsSoftseclipse-java-indigo-win32eclipsepluginsorg.apache.ant_1.8.2.v20110505-1300libant.jar”/><property name=”file.encoding” value=”Cp1252″/><property name=”java.specification.version” value=”1.7″/><property name=”src.dir” value=”F:\WorkRnDSpaceJunitsrc”/><property name=”ant.project.invoked-targets” value=”galvenais”/></properties><testcase time=”0.003″ name=”testAdd” classname=”com.home.junit.SampleAddTest”/>-<system-out>
<![CDATA[]]>
</system-out>-<system-err>
<![CDATA[]]>
</system-err></testsuite>
[/Code]
Secinājums:
- APACHE ANT Java balstīta lietderība ar Java izstrādātājiem izmantot šādiem mērķiem
- To generate the binaries from the source code
- To generate javadocs for the source code
- To run JUNIT test cases on a code base
- ANT in collaboration with JUNIT, helps the java developers to follow the Test Driven Development methodology
