Climate change has been attracting a lot of attention for a long time. The adverse effects of climate change is being felt everywhere. For example, sea levels are rising, glaciers are melting, cities are experiencing recurring floods and deforestation is on the rise. Global sea levels will rise two to seven feet during this century. Climate change has wide-ranging implications that include financial and safety. For example, Weather Analytics, a company providing climate data estimates that 33% worldwide GDP is impacted by weather. The adverse effects of natural calamities such as Tornadoes, Tsunami, and wildfires and Hurricanes are well-documented.
To handle this issue, countries need good action plan which should be made on the basis of accurate, real-time or near real-time analytics. Big data and predictive analytics can potentially provide accurate, real-time or near real-time analytics. Over the years, a lot of work has already been done on this front which is reflected in the availability of tools such as Global Forest Watch, Microsoft Research’s Madingley Model, and the Google Earth Engine. Given the rate at which climate is changing, we need to respond fast. Big data and predictive analytics technologies have enabled stakeholders to process huge volumes of data fast and generate accurate insights. Sensors are collecting data on various variables such as rain, soil, and forest cover and helping establish correlations between datasets. It is clear that big data and predictive analytics is, and will be one of the most important tools governments will be using while they find ways to mitigate effects of climate change.
Climate change
How absence of big data and predictive analytics can impact climate change policy?
This goes without saying that without big data and predictive analytics, 기후 변화에 대한 정책이나 계획은 심각 장애인과 한 차원 될 것입니다. 방정식에서 빅 데이터가없는 몇 가지 가능한 시나리오, 심지어 상상하는 경우, 다음을 수:
- 탄소 배출량이 전 세계에 걸쳐 절단 할 필요가 얼마나 많은의 계산 방법 마크 해제 될 수있다. 국가는 자동차 등 모든 생성의 몸에서 탄소 배출량을 감축하는 결의안을 채택 할 경우 시나리오를 생각해, 에어컨 및 의한 산업 플랜트 2% 다음에 5 년 반면,, 현재 상태에 기초, 최소 필요했다 5%. 부적절한 방출 컷은 지구 온난화 상승을 의미, 질병 및 기타 문제.
- 빙하가 빠르게 그 어느 때보 다 녹아 있기 때문에, 바다 수준 상승. 특히 큰 위험에 해안 지역을 둔다. 정확한 분석과 예측없이, 이러한 주택 재배치 등의 사전 단계, rehabilitation planning and other steps could be delayed and inadequate.
- Environmental changes and ecological imbalances across the world could go unnoticed to a large extent. Unless updated data-based perspectives are provided to the right forum, the right perspective might not be formed. It is important to be able to compare and track environmental and ecological changes over time with data.
Impact of big data and predictive analytics on climate change policies
Policies and strategies aimed at climate change phenomenon have been significantly influenced by big data and predictive analytics. Both government and non-government companies have been developing trendsetting tools and technologies that help formulate advanced climate change actions. These tools and technologies, needless to say, are based on big data. 온도 변화 등 다양한 변수에 대한 데이터의 거대한 볼륨, 해수면, 산림 탄소 배출량은 모든 순간을 수집 및 분석. 이러한 도구는 다양한 변수 간의 상관 관계를 확립 할 수, 실행 가능한 통찰력을 제공, 사전 조치 또는 예방 조치를 취할 수를 기반으로하는 예측 및 패턴. 얼마나 큰 데이터 및 예측 분석 기후 변화와의 싸움에 영향을 미치는하는 것이 가장 좋은 몇 가지 도구와 기술의 기여에 의해 이해 될 수있다, 후술.
급증 바다
그것은 기후 중앙에서 개발 한 대화 형지도 및 도구, 비영리, 독립적 인 조직. 급증 바다는 미국에서 해수면 상승에 대한 정보를 제공합니다. 당신은 다른 장소에서 정확한 해수면을 확인하기 위해지도를 사용할 수 있습니다, 보기 홍수 경고, 활동 계획, 해수면 패턴, 기록 데이터, 포함 된 위젯과 더. 리처드 와일즈에 따르면, 누가 전략적 통신 및 기후 중앙과 연구 이사 부사장입니다, "우리의 전략은 그들이 이해할 수있는 방법으로 로컬 자신의 기후에 대해 더 알려줄 수있다, 해당 작업을 수행 할 수있는 유일한 방법은 큰 데이터 분석이다. "
구글 어스 엔진
Google 어스 엔진은 년 또는 수십 년에 걸쳐 환경의 상태를 비교, 이 고정 될 수 있도록 문제를 식별. 이 작업을 수행하는 방법의 예는 우르 미아 호입니다, 이란 소금 호수. Google 어스 표시에 해당 1984, 호수의 색깔은 파란색 청록색이었다. 몇 년 후, 색상이 녹색으로 변경. 잘라 내기 2012, 색상이 갈색. 비슷하게, 아마존의 삼림 벌채 추적하고있다. The engine compiles publicly available satellite imagery to identify environmental damages across the earth.
Climate by Data.gov
http://www.data.gov/ is a huge collection of more than 192,289 datasets on an array of topics. Of course, climate is a part of all these datasets. These datasets provide credible, updated data on an array of climate-related topics. You can, 예를 들면, expect a live feed of earthquakes happening across the earth, time lapse maps showing changing temperature in the Great Lakes throughout the year, and fertilizer prizes. How valuable could the inputs from this website be is demonstrated by a small project developed in 2006. It was about a tool that analyzed the impact of change in climate on crops. So influencing was the tool that Monsanto bought it.
Global Forest Power
It is a tool that helps track the forest cover across the world. It offers an interactive map which provides an array of information such as forest cover, deforestation in any specific region, forest fire. The tool is a popular one, used by such entities as the Indonesian Government, Nestle and Unilever.
Opower
Reduced energy consumption has a positive impact on climate. Reducing energy consumption needs to percolate down to every citizen. Citizens are usually influenced by the energy consumption of their neighbors. Opower, a company working on energy analytics, has used this bit of behavioral pattern to do their bit for climate change. Opower sends personalized reports to citizens that compare the energy usage of neighbors. And it is yielding results. Since Opower started in 2007, it has been able to save almost 6 billion kilowatts of energy, enough to provide energy to a city of 1 million citizens in a year. According to Rick McPhee, the head of engineering at Opower, “Behavior nudging helps reduce user consumption and are friendlier than mandatory blackouts.”
Summary
It is clear that big data and analytics are redefining the climate change policies of the governments. In fact, big data seems to be an indispensable component of climate policies. Big data technology has been able to process enormous volumes of complex climate data, establish correlations when required and provide real-time analytics. Almost all of the tools mentioned above have been able to provide real-time data. However, big data can only do so much. After all the data provided, it is up to the stakeholders to take concrete actions.
