綠色計算和能源效率,en
概觀
綠色計算,en,是製造計算機廢物的一種方法,en,一般電子設備,en,可回收和實施節能技術,en,它實際上減少了計算機或電子產品的有毒組件,en,並最大程度地減少環境傷害,en,綠色計算中使用的技術稱為綠色技術，目的是實施能節能的方法,en,這可以是節能的中央處理單元,en,服務器或配件等,en,這些技術還有助於減少功率和其他資源消耗,en,總體目的是在硬件和軟件方面使用技術來減少環境污染,en,提高IT的能源效率，並促進材料的回收,en, as the name suggests, is a method of making computer wastes (in general electronics) recyclable and implementing energy efficient technologies. It actually reduces poisonous components of computers or electronic goods, and minimizes environmental harm. The technology used in green computing is known as green technology and the purpose is to implement that which is energy efficient. This can be an energy efficient central processing unit, servers or accessories etc. These technologies also help in reducing power and other resource consumptions. The overall purpose is to use technologies on both hardware and software side to reduce environmental pollution, improve energy efficiency in IT and also promote recycling of materials.
在本文中，我們將討論綠色計算的不同方面及其對能源效率的影響,en,什麼是綠色計算,en,如上所述,en,包括用於最小化計算機廢物的方法以及在本質上具有節能的技術的實施,en,綠色計算計劃是在一年中出生的,en,在美國的能源之星計劃,en,它是為了使計算機行業在多個方面採用可持續實踐,en,例如製造,en,用法及其最終處置,en,該計劃取得了成功，也進入了其他幾個國家,en,像日本,en,新西蘭和歐盟,en,我們非常使用的計算機是由有毒材料製成的,en,例如鉛,en,鉻,en,汞和鎘,en.
What is green computing?
綠色計算,en,是製造計算機廢物的一種方法,en,一般電子設備,en,可回收和實施節能技術,en,它實際上減少了計算機或電子產品的有毒組件,en,並最大程度地減少環境傷害,en,綠色計算中使用的技術稱為綠色技術，目的是實施能節能的方法,en,這可以是節能的中央處理單元,en,服務器或配件等,en,這些技術還有助於減少功率和其他資源消耗,en,總體目的是在硬件和軟件方面使用技術來減少環境污染,en,提高IT的能源效率，並促進材料的回收,en, as already mentioned above, comprises of methods used for the minimization of computer wastes and the implementation of technologies that are energy efficient in nature. The green computing program was born in the year 1992, with the Energy Star program in the US. It was meant for the computer industry to adopt sustainable practices on several fronts, such as manufacturing, 設計, usage and their eventual disposal. This program was a success and also made its way to several other nations, like Japan, 澳大利亞, Canada, New Zealand and also the EU.
The computers that we use so vastly are made of poisonous materials, such as lead, chromium, mercury and cadmium. 如果這些金屬碰巧進入環境,en,要么是土地,en,水或空氣,en,他們可能對人類健康造成嚴重傷害,en,到目前為止，還沒有關於數百萬計算機在世界各地填埋場的電腦,en,雖然我們依靠計算機來完成大量任務,en,他們為操作消耗大量精力,en,可以說，綠色計算本質上是實現環境可持續性的一種手段,en,計算,en,可以在沒有或微小影響環境的情況下完成的,en,在設計方面,en,製作,en,使用和處置計算機和類似,en,或系統,en,如何實施,en,談到綠色計算,en,實施它日益變得更加容易,en, either by land, water or air, they can cause serious harm to human health. Besides, there is no solution till date with regard to the millions of computers that throng landfill sites around the world. Also, while we are dependent on computers for a large number of tasks, they consume a good amount of energy for operations.
So, it can be said that green computing essentially is a means to achieve environmentally sustainable computing, which can be done without or by minimally affecting the environment, in terms of designing, making, using and disposing of computers and similar 設備 or systems.
How can it be implemented?
When it comes to green computing, implementing it has been getting easier day by day, 很大程度上是由於幾種軟件和硬件解決方案允許人們採用綠色標準,en,它們適用於所有類別的系統,en,是否是對託管數千台服務器的大型數據中心的小型手持掃描儀,en,能源之星計劃的最顯著貢獻是“,en,睡眠模式,en,”對於計算機,en,當系統不使用時，系統只是進入冬眠,en,從而節省能源,en,它已經走了很長一段路,en,軟件優化和部署可能是實施綠色計算的好手段,en,這可以通過算法的效率來實現,en,正確分配資源,en,算法效率,en,直接影響運行計算機功能所需的資源數量,en. Also, they apply to all classes of systems, whether it is a small handheld scanner to large datacenters that host thousands of servers.
The most notable contribution of the Energy Star program was the “sleep mode” for computers, where the system simply went into hibernation when it wasn’t in use, thereby saving energy. Since then, it has come a long way. Software optimization and deployment can be a good means for implementing green computing. This can be achieved via efficiency in algorithms, proper allocation of resources, 和 virtualization.
- Algorithmic efficiency directly affects the amount of resources required for running computer functions. 在這方面, 從線性搜索到哈希或索引等變化，可能會導致更快的過程,en,從而減少資源的使用,en,與此密切相關的是資源分配的方面,en,如果可以在計算中進行適當的資源分配,en,一個人可以收穫好處，因為這意味著他們的有效利用,en,這也可能導致企業成本削減,en,是另一種非常重要的方法，有助於實施綠色計算,en,可以在同一件硬件上運行兩個或更多數量的邏輯計算機系統,en,一個人可以通過簡單地減少所需的計算機系統數量,en,強大的系統,en,與許多系統相比，這有助於能源效率，因為一個系統肯定會消耗的功率更少,en,能源管理,en, thereby reducing the usage of resources. Closely linked to this is the aspect of resource allocation. If proper allocation of resources can be made in computing, one can reap benefits as it means their efficient utilization. This can also lead to a cut in costs for businesses.
- 虛擬化 is another very important method that helps in implementing green computing. Here, the two or more number of logical computer systems can be run on the same piece of hardware. Thus, one can cut down the number of computer systems required by simply having one, powerful system. Also, this helps in terms of energy efficiency as one system will certainly consume less power compared to many.
- Power management 可以非常有效地允許實施綠色計算原則，因為它有助於提高能源效率,en,使用適當的電源管理,en,可以減少功耗,en,這進一步導致碳排放也減少了,en,幾個關鍵操作系統,en,眾所周知，Windows和MacOS版本具有允許待機模式並關閉監視器的電源管理功能,en,不必實際關閉系統,en,這些可以在需要時由一個人使用，有助於節省能源,en,有第三方軟件,en,例如1E Nightwatchman,en,法龍電源節省,en,可以通過提供MS Windows或MacOS不提供的電力管理功能來提供幫助,en,按照,en,用法,en,可以實施綠色計算,en. With proper power management, it is possible to reduce power consumption, which further leads to a reduction in carbon emissions too. Several key operating systems, such as Windows and macOS versions are known to have power management features that allow for stand-by modes and turning off the monitor, without actually having to shut down the system in its entirety. These can be used by one when required and it helps save energy. Further, there is third-party software, such as 1E NightWatchman, Faronics Power Save, 等等. that can help by offering power management features that are not offered by MS Windows or macOS.
- In terms of hardware usage too, green computing can be implemented. For example, 一個人可以利用小型的硬盤驅動器,en,英寸,en,因為它消耗了更少的功率,en,另一個主要方法是用不包含運動部件的固態驅動器代替它們,en,這也將導致更少的功耗,en,與較新的LED或LCD監視器相比，CRT監視器還可以消耗更多的功率,en,採用它們可能是實施綠色計算的另一種手段,en,實際上，這是實現可持續性的專業方法之一,en,它減少了能源使用和資源消耗,en,許多公司可以移動,en,一直這樣做,en,他們在雲中的應用,en,從而減少計算和能源資源的使用,en,碳排放量,en,這些只是實現綠色計算的一些更易於的裝訂手段，還有更多,en, 即. 2.5 inch, as it consumes less power. Another major way is to replace them with solid state drives that contain no moving parts. This will also lead to less power consumption. CRT monitors are also known to consume more power when compared to the newer LED or LCD monitors. So, adopting them can be another means to implement green computing.
- 雲計算 is effectively one of the majors ways to achieve sustainability in terms of computing. It reduces energy usage and resource consumption. Many companies can move, and have been doing so, their applications to the cloud, thereby cutting down on use of computing and energy resources, carbon emissions, 等等.
These are just some of the more easy-to-adopt means to achieve green computing and there are several more.
What are the impacts?
With challenges such climate change and the heavy consumption of non-renewable energy resources, business and individuals have understood the need for adopting green computing standards and have shown the eagerness to contribute to it in several ways possible.
Besides this governments and organizations across the world have also taken steps to increase awareness in this matter. The US Environmental Protection Agency’s Green IT unit stresses on e-cycling and refurbishment of electronic products. Likewise, there are several organizations too that certify green computing practices such as CompTIA, Green Computing Initiative, Information Systems Examination Board, The Green Grid, Green500, 等等.
因此, many business organizations have also resorted to achieving green computing standards as it boosts their image. 這些公司通常有專門用於減少能耗的部門,en,和碳排放,en,IT系統經常彌補,en,公司電費的百分比,en,許多公司已經開始改善它們,en,他們定期審查賬單,en,計算他們的碳足跡並專注於減少以達到更好的標準,en,在綠色計算方面，最討論的方面之一是採用替代能源資源來供電,en,雖然這些對未來有很多希望,en,科學家還一直在尋找其他方法來促進這一點,en,納米技術被用於以納米量表操縱材料，以使它們在能源消耗方面更有效,en, and carbon emissions. IT systems often make up to 30 percent of a company’s electricity bills, and many companies have started to improve on them. They regularly review their bills, calculate their carbon footprint and focus on their reduction to achieve better standards.
未來是什麼?
One of the most talked about aspects when it comes to green computing is the adoption of alternative energy resources to power IT. While these hold plenty of promise for the future, scientists have also been looking at other means to solve promote this. Nanotechnology is being used for the manipulation of materials on a nanometer scale such that they can be more efficient in energy consumption.
許多公司都有其綠色計算計劃，旨在通過使用清潔策略設計和製造CPU來實現能源效率,en,主板和其他計算硬件,en,通過技術,en,基於台灣,en,是著名的促進者,en,無碳計算已被用作另一種手段,en,主要目的是利用將二氧化碳量減少到環境中的技術,en,回收利用和翻新產品的使用已經看到了最近的光，可以成為未來的潮流引領者,en,戴爾（Dell）以其在該世界各地的產品回收計劃而聞名，也免費提供,en,這些可能是將來實現綠色計算的方法的趨勢,en, motherboards and other computing hardware. VIA Technologies, based out of Taiwan, is a notable promoter of this.
Carbon-free computing has been adopted as another means, where the main purpose is to make use of technologies that emit lesser amounts of CO2 into the environment.
Recycling and the use of refurbished products have seen the light of late and can be a trendsetter for the future. Dell is well-known for its product recycling program across that world and it also comes for free. So, these are likely trends that will see as ways to achieve green computing in the future.
結論
隨著計算機和相關設備每年增長的使用,en,人們和組織必須非常了解後果,en,就這些設備對環境的影響而言,en,目前的計算級別顯然是不可持續的,en,互聯網可能是教育人們促進和實現綠色計算的方法的最大平台之一,en,個人可以開始灌輸簡單的做法,en,就像未使用時關閉設備,en,或購買節能產品首先,en,這將使綠色計算原理的促銷和廣泛實施,en,無碳計算,en,綠色,en,納米技術,en, it is imperative that people and organizations are well acquainted with the consequences, as far as the impact of these devices on the environment is concerned. The present level of computing is clearly unsustainable. The Internet is probably one of the biggest platforms to educate people about ways to promote and achieve green computing. Individuals can start to inculcate simple practices, like turning off devices when unused, or buying energy efficient products to begin with. This will enable the promotion and widespread implementation of green computing principles.
